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What Is Hurricane Storm Surge, and Why Can It Be So Catastrophic?_我的网站

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一 | 해양법·정책 교육 프로그램 공동 개발공동연구·인력·학술정보 교류 추진해양수도 부산 법률교육 기반 강화 김현수 부산대 법학전문대학원장 등 양 기관 관계자들이 24일 부산대 법학전문대학원 학봉홀에서 해사법무 및 해양법·정책 분야 교육·연구 협력을 위한 업무협약을 체결한 뒤 기념촬영을 하고 있다. 부산대 제공. 부산대학교 법학전문대학원과 한국해양과학기술원(KIOST) 해양법·정책연구소가 해사법무와 해양법·정책 분야 전문인력 양성에 협력한다. 부산대는 두 기관이 지난 24일 교내 법학전문대학원 학봉홀에서 교육·연구 협력체계 구축을 위한 업무협약을 체결했다고 26일 밝혔다. 협약에 따라 두 기관은 해사법무 및 해양법·정책 분야 교육 프로그램을 공동으로 개발·운영한다. 공동연구와 학술협력, 교수·연구자·학생 교류, 학술자료와 정보 공유도 추진한다. 부산대 법학전문대학원은 해운과 항만, 해양환경, 해양안전 등과 연계한 법률교육을 확대하고 실무와 이론을 갖춘 해사·해양 분야 전문 법률가를 양성할 계획이다. 김현수 부산대 법학전문대학원장은 “전문 연구기관과의 협력을 바탕으로 해양 분야 법률·정책 역량을 강화해 나가겠다”고 말했다.。

By Anthony C. Didlake Jr.

Of all the hazards that hurricanes bring, storm surge is the greatest threat to life and property along the coast. It can sweep homes off their foundations, flood riverside communities miles inland, and break up dunes and levees that normally protect coastal areas against storms.

As a hurricane reaches the coast, it pushes a huge volume of ocean water ashore. This is what we call storm surge.

This surge appears as a gradual rise in the water level as the storm approaches. Depending on the size and track of the hurricane, storm surge flooding can last for several hours. It then recedes after the storm passes.

Water level heights during a hurricane can reach 20 feet or more above normal sea level. With powerful waves on top of it, a hurricane’s storm surge can cause catastrophic damage.

What determines how high storm surge gets?

Storm surge begins over the open ocean. The strong winds of a hurricane push the ocean waters around and cause water to pile up under the storm. The low air pressure of the storm also plays a small role in lifting the water level. The height and extent of this pile of water depend on the strength and size of the hurricane.

As this pile of water moves toward the coast, other factors can change its height and extent.

If a coastal area has a sea floor that gently slopes away from the coastline, it’s more likely to see a higher storm surge than an area with a steeper drop-off. Gentle slopes along the Louisiana and Texas coasts have contributed to some devastating storm surges. Hurricane Katrina’s surge in 2005 broke levees and flooded New Orleans. Hurricane Ike’s 15- to 17-foot storm surge and waves swept hundreds of homes off Texas’ Bolivar Peninsula in 2008. Both were large, powerful storms that hit in vulnerable locations.

The shape of the coastline can also shape the surge. When storm surge enters a bay or river, the geography of the land can act as a funnel, sending the water even higher.

Other factors that shape storm surge

Ocean tides – caused by the gravity of the moon and sun – can also strengthen or weaken the impact of storm surge. So, it’s important to know the timing of the local tides compared to the hurricane landfall.

At high tide, the water is already at an elevated height. If landfall happens at high tide, the storm surge will cause even higher water levels and bring more water further inland. The Carolinas saw those effects when Hurricane Isaias hit at close to high tide on Aug. 3, 2020. Isaias brought a storm surge of about 4 feet at Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, but the water level was more than 10 feet above normal.

How storm surge and high tide add up to coastal flooding.(The COMET Program/UCAR and National Weather Service)

Sea level rise is another growing concern that influences storm surge.

As water warms, it expands, and that has slowly raised sea level over the past century as global temperatures have risen. Freshwater from melting of ice sheets and glaciers also adds to sea level rise. Together, they elevate the background ocean height. When a hurricane arrives, the higher ocean means storm surge can bring water further inland, to a more dangerous and widespread effect.

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Published on:15:06:15